(一) 病理學概論、組織對傷害的影響
主題Cellular injury and cellular death (I)
1. Cause of cellular injury
2. Cell injury and necrosis: Biochemical mechanism
3. Ischemict, hypoxic and free radical injuries
4. Chemical injury
主題Cellular injury and cellular death (II)
1. Morphology of injuried cells
(1) Irreversible injury
a. Type of necrosis
b. Apoptosis
(2) Reversible injury
2. Subcellular responses to cell injury: Lysosomal, smooth ER, mitochondrial, cytoskeletal alteration
主題Intracellular accumulations of specific substances
1. Pigment
2. Fat
3. Protein
4. Glycogen, and other carbohydra
5. Calcium
6. Hyaline degeneration
主題Cellular adaptation and aging
1. Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia
2. Cellular aging


(二)腫瘤學
主題Introduction (I)
(1) Definition and Nomenclature
- Benign and malignant tumor
- Epithelial vs Non-epithelial origin
(2) Examples
2. Clinical feature of tumors (II)
(1) Local and hormonal effects
(2) Cancer cachexia
(3) Paraneoplastic syndromes
(4) Grading and staging of tumors
3. Molecular basis of cancer (III)
(1) Oncogenes
(2) Tumor suppresor genes
(3) Genes that regulate apoptosis
4. Molecular basis of cancer (IV)
(1) Telomeres and cancer
(2) Molecular basis of multisitep carcinogenesis
(3) Karyotypic changes in tumors
5. Molecular basis of cancer (V)
(1) Cancer immunity
(2) Cancer angiogenesis
主題Neoplasm
1. Biological characteristics of tumor growth (VI)
(1) Clonality of tumor
(2) Kinetics of tumor growth
(3) Tumor progression and heterogeneity
(4) Mechanisms of invasion and metastasis
(5) Karyotype of tumor
a. Normal karyotypic change vs nonrandom structural change
2. Carcinogenic agents and their cellular interactions (VII)
(1) Chemical carcinogenesis
(2) Viral and microbial carcinogenesis
(3) Radiation carcinogenesis

(三)發炎、愈合過程和免疫系統疾病
主題Inflammation (I)(II)
1. Acute inflammation: vascular changes and cellular events
2. Chemical mediators of inflammation
3. Chronic inflammation
4. Morphologic patterns in acute and chronic inflammation
5. Systemic effects of inflammation
主題Tissue repair: cellular growth, fibrosis, and wound healing
1. Control of normal cell growth
2. Extracellular matrix and cell-matrix interactions
3. Repair by connective tissue (fibrosis)
4. Wound healing
主題Immunologic disorder (I): Hypersensitivity reaction
1. Type I hypersensitivity
2. Type II hypersensitivity
3. Type III hypersensitivity
4. Type IV hypersensitivity
主題Immunologic disorder (II): Transplant rejection
1. Hyperacute rejection
2. Acute rejection-cellular, vascular
3. Chronic rejection
主題Immunologic disorder (III): Autoimmune disease
1. Systemic lupus erythematosus
2. Sjogren‘s syndrome
3. Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
4. Polyarteritis nodosa
主題Immunologic disorder (IV)
1. Primary immunodeficiencies
(1) DiGeorge‘s syndrome
(2) Linked agammaglobulinemia of Bruton
(3) Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)
(4) Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome
(5) Common variable immunodeficiency
(6) Selected IgA deficiency
2. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(1) Human immunodeficiency syndrome
(2) Natural history of HIV infection
(3) Morphologic changes
(4) Others

(四)感染疾病
主題Infectious disease (I)
1. Tissue response to infection
(Many pathogens evoke same reaction pattern)
(1) Exudative inflammation
(2) Necrotizing inflammation
(3) Granulomatous inflammation
(4) Interstitial inflammation
(5) Cytopathic-cytoproliferative inflammation
主題Infectious disease (II): Bacterial, Spirochetal and Mycobacterial
1. Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, its identification
2. Typhoid fever
3. Syphillis, primary, secondary, tertiary, and congenital
4. Tuberculosis, primary, secondary, atypical
5. Leprosy, tuberculoid, lepromatous, intermedia
主題Infectious disease (III) : viral infection
1. Virus-host interaction
(1) Abortive infection
(2) Latent infection
(3) Persistent infection
(4) Slow viral infection (long latency)
2. Tissue response to virus infection
(1) Lymphocytes and macrophages predominant
(2) Humoral immune response
- Neutrolization antibody
- Complement activation
(3) Cellular immnue response
- NK cell, T-cell, interferon, Macrophage
3. Miscellaneous viral infection:
(1) Cytomegalic inclusion disease (CMV)
(2) Infectious mononucleosis
(3) Other viral pneumonia
(4) Other: measles, rrubella, herpes I and II
主題Infectious disease (IV) : Fungal
1. Superficial fungal infect
2. Deep fungal infection
(1) Candida
(2) Aspergillus
(3) Cryptococcus
(4) Mucormycosis
主題Infectious disease (V) : Protozoal and parasite
1. Amebiasis
2. Pneumocystis carinii
3. Trichomonas
4. Toxoplasmosis
5. Chagas‘ disease
6. Filariasis
7. Enterobiasis
8. Paragonimiasis
9. Schistosomiasis

(五)小兒及遺傳疾病
主題Disease of infancy and childhood (I)(II)
1. Intrauterine growth retardation
2. Birth injuries
3. Congenital malformations
4. Perinatal infections
5. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
6. Erythroblastosis fetalis
7. Sudden infant death Syndrome
8. Tumors and tumor-like lesions of infancy and childhood
主題Genetic disorder (I)
1. Human genome project
2. Methods of studying genetic disorder
3. Classification of human genetic disorders
主題Genetic disorder (II)
1. Single gene disorder of Non-mendelian inheritance
2. Disorders with multifactorial inheritance
3. Gene diagnosis
4. Gene therapy
主題Genetic disorder (III)
1. Autosomal disorders
2. Amino acid metabolism disturbance
3. Accumulation of cholesterol (Familial hypercholesterolemia)
主題Genetic disorder (IV)
1. Glycogen storage disease (Pompe‘s disease, Von Gierke’s disease)
2. Lipidosis (glycolipid)
(1) Tay-Sachs disease
(2) Gaucher‘s disease
(3) Niemann-Pick‘s disease
3. Mucopolysaccharidosis
(1) Hurler‘s syndrome (Gargolism)
(2) Hunter‘s syndrome
主題Genetic disorder (V)瞭解人類染色體
1. 介紹正常人染色體核型
2. 瞭解體染色體異常
3. 瞭解性染色體異常

(六)呼吸系統疾病
主題: 認識源於血管的肺臟疾病
1. 認識肺水腫及充血的致病機轉和病理變化
2. 認識肺栓塞症的致病機轉與病理之變化
3. 認識肺臟高血壓症及其病理變化
主題: 認識慢性阻塞性肺疾病
1. 認識慢性阻塞性肺疾病的種類
2. 認識慢性阻塞性肺疾病的致病機轉
3. 認識慢性阻塞性肺疾病的病理變化
4. 如何鑑別診斷慢性阻塞性肺疾病
主題: 認識肺部常見的感染
1. 認識肺炎的種類及其病理形態學的變化
2. 認識肺結核症
3. 認識免疫功能缺損的人，常見的肺臟病理變化
主題: 認識肺臟腫瘤及間質性疾病
1. 認識肺臟腫瘤的種類和組織學的分類
2. 認識肺臟的惡性腫瘤的病理形態學變化
3. 認識肺臟的轉移性腫瘤及其致病過程
主題: 認識上呼吸道疾病
重要上呼吸道腫瘤及疾患
主題: 瞭解肺腫瘤的臨床及病理變化
1. Bronchogenic carcinoma
(1) Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
a. Squamous cell carcinoma
b.Adenocarcinoma
c. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma
d. Large cell carcinoma
(2) Small cell carcinoma (SCLC)
(3) Combined patterns
Mixed squamous cell carcinoma & adenocarcinoma
Mixed squamous cell carcinoma & SCLC
2. Bronchial carcinoid

(七)心臟血管系統疾病
主題Disease of vessels (I)
1. Congenital anomaly
2. Atherosclerosis
3. Ateriosclerosis
4. Vasculitis
主題Disease of vessels (II)
1. Aneurysm
2. Aortic dissection (Dissecting aneurysm)
3. Hyertension
4. Vein
5. Lymphatics
6. Tumor
主題Congenital heart disease
1.Left to right shunt - Non-cyanotic CUD
2. Right to left shunt - cyanotic CUD
3. Obstructive congenital anomaly
4. Pulmonary hypertension
主題Disease of heart (I)
1. Ischemic heart disease
2. Hypertensive heart disease
主題Disease of heart (II)
1. Valvular heart disease
2. Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis
3. Pericarditis
4. Cardiac tumor

(八)消化系統疾病
主題: 口咽疾病的病理變化
1. Stomatitis
2. Glossitis
3. Leukoplakia
4. Salivary gland tumor
5. Nasopharyngeal cancer
主題: 食道與胃疾病的病理變化
1. Barrett’s esophagus
2. Esophageal varices
3. Esophageal cancer
4. Gastritis
5. Peptic ulcer
6. Gastric cancer
主題: 小腸疾病的病理變化
1. Ischemic bowel disease
2. Infective enterocolitis
3. Inflammatory bowel disease-- Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis
4. Malabsorption syndrome
5. Ileus
4. Neoplasms (cancer and carcinoid)
主題: 大腸疾病的病理變化
1. Megacolon
2. Diverticulosis
3. Inflammatory bowel disease-- Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis
4. Appendicitis and mucocele
5. Polyp and polyposis syndrome
6. Colon cancer
7. Hemorrhoid

(九)肝、膽、胰臟的疾病
主題: 瞭解病毒性肝炎的病理變化及自然史
1. 黃疸之病理學
2. 急性病毒性肝炎之病理變化與臨床病理關連性
主題: 病毒性肝炎
1. 慢性病毒性肝炎之組織學分類
2. 慢性病毒性肝炎之自然史
主題: 肝硬化
1. 肝硬化之種類和病理變化
主題: 肝腫瘤及兒科肝臟疾病
1. 良性肝腫瘤
2. 惡性肝腫瘤之病理變化與預後
3. 兒童肝腫瘤
主題: Disease of liver
1.
(1) Anatomy, function and injuries of liver: pathologic aspects
(2) Major manifestions of liver injury: clinicopathologic correlation
(3) Pathology of hyperbilirubinemia/jaundice: biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis
2.
(1) Hepatitis: pathologic and etiologic classifications
(2) Viral hepatitis, acute and fulminant: clinicopathologic correlation
(3) Viral hepatitis, chronic: natural courses versus viral replication, complications
(4) Autoimmune and drug-induced hepatitis
3.
(1) Cirrhosis: viral, alcoholic, metabolic, genetic, cryptogenic
(2) Primary biliary cirrhosis:
(3) Liver transplant rejection and graft versus host disease
(4) Portal hypertension: Anatomical classification
4.
(1) Anomalies of biliary tree:
(2) Circulatory disorders:
(3) Liver disease associated with pregnancy
(4) Reye‘s syndrome:
5.
(1) Benign liver tumors: Focal nodular hyperplasia and adenoma
(2) Malignant liver tumors:
a. Hepatoblastoma
b. Hepatocellular carcinoma (adult versus children)
c. Cholangiocarcinoma
(3) Liver abscess
主題: Disease of gallbladder and biliary tract
1. Congenital anomalies
2. Disorders of the gallbladder
(1) Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
(2) Cholecystitis: acute and chronic
3. Disorders of the extrahepatic bile ducts
4. Tumors
(1) Carcinoma of the gallbladder
(2) Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts
5. Miscellaneous disorders of the biliary tree
主題: 胰臟及膽囊疾病的病理變化
1. 急性及慢性胰臟炎的成因、病理變化及併發症
2. 胰臟癌的病理變化
3. 膽結石的成因與分類
4. 急性與慢性膽囊炎的病理變化

(十)女性生殖系統及乳房疾病
主題: Disease of female genital tract (I)
1. Normal: Embryology, Anatomy
2. Pathology
(1) Female genital infections
a. Lower genital tract
b. Lower and upper genital tract
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
(2) Vulva: Bartholin‘s cyst; Vestibular adenitis, Vulvar dystrophy, tumors
(3) Vagina: Congenital anomalies; Premalignant and malignant tumors
主題: Disease of Female genital tract (II): Cervix and Corpus
1. Cervix: inflammation
Intraepithelial and invasive squamous neoplasia: CIN, SIL
2. Corpus:
(1) Endometrial history in the menstrual cycle
(2) Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
(3) Inflammation
(4) Adenomyosis
(5) Endometriosis
(6) Endometrial hyperplasia
(7) Tumors
主題: Disease of female genital tract (III): Fallopian tube and ovary
1. Fallopian tube: Inflammation: Cyst and tumor
2. Ovary:
(1) Non-neoplastic lesions
(2) Tumors
a. Tumors of surface epithelium: benign, borderline malignancy, malignant
b. Germ cell tumor
c. Sex cord-stromal tumor
d. Metastatic tumor
主題: Disease of female genital tract (IV): Gestational and Placental disorders
1. Placental inflammations and infections
2. Disorders of early pregnancy: spontaneous abortion; ectopic pregnancy
3. Disorders of late pregnancy: placental abnormalities and twin placentas. toxemia of pregnancy
4. Gestational trophoblastic disease
(1) Hydatidiform mole (Complete and partial)
(2) Invasive mole
(3) Choriocarcinoma
(4) Placental site trophoblastic tumor
主題: Breast
1. Congenital anomalies
2. Inflammation
3. Fibrocystic change
4. Benign tumors of breast
5. Malignant tumors of breast
6. Diseases of male breast

(十一)關節、骨骼、軟組織疾病
主題: 瞭解具生物活性骨組織之病變
1. Bone structures
2. Hereditary disorders
3. Infections
4. Fractures
5. Metabolic bone diseases
主題: 瞭解骨腫瘤的臨床及病理變化
1. Tumor and tumor-like lesions
主題: 瞭解關節病變
1. Joint structures
2. Inflammatory and noninflammatory joint diseases
3. Synovial chondromatosis
4. Synovial fluid
5. Tumor and tumor-like lesions
主題: 瞭解軟組織病變
1. Tumors
(1) Lipoma, liposarcoma
(2) Fibrous histiocytoma
(3) Rhabdomyoma, rhabdomyosarcoma
(4) Leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma
(5) Granular cell tumor
(6) Alveolar soft part sarcoma
2. Fibrous tumors and tumor-like conditions
(1) Reactive pseudosarcomatous proliferations
a. Nodular fascitis
b. Myositis ossificans
(2) Fibromatosis
(3) Fibrosarcoma

(十二) 神經系統疾病
主題: 神經原與神經膠細胞之基本病理反應
主題: 認識台灣常見的腦部感染
主題:
1. 中樞神經系統腫瘤的分類
2. 中樞神經系統腫瘤形態學的診斷
3. 周邊神經系統腫瘤的形態病理學
主題:
1. 高血壓和血管性的腦部疾病
2. 腦部外傷所引起的腦部病理變化(如IICP等)
主題:
1. 大腦皮質的退化性神經疾病的病理變化
2. 腦幹及基底核的退化性神經疾病的病理變化
3. 脊髓小腦的退化性疾病
4. 髓鞘脫失的疾病
主題:
1. 台灣常見的神經異常發育的疾病
2. 認識代謝性及代謝異常的疾病
3. 認識藥物及毒物性神經疾病

(十三)血液及淋巴系統疾病
主題: Hematopathology
1. 造血系統、幹細胞分化及造血生長因子
2. Review免疫學基本觀念及應用，以幫助對淋巴瘤之來源及分類
主題: 介紹急性白血病分類
主題: 介紹慢性白血病分類
主題: 介紹淋巴瘤的分類及介紹Hodgkin‘s disease及組織球增生疾病
主題: 介紹其他造血及免疫器官之疾病，包括：脾臟、胸腺與骨髓疾病
主題: 介紹造血器官(骨髓)之疾病，包括MDS(Myelodysplsia)及貧血與各種造血細胞發育不良之疾病及其可能之演化。

(十四)泌尿系統疾病及男性生殖系統疾病
主題: Disease of kidney (I)
1. Normal physiology and disease manifestations
2. Congenital anomalies: Renal dysplasia, polycystic kidney diseases
主題: Disease of kidney (II)
1. Glomerular diseasea: Basic morphologic changes, clinical manifestation, immunopathology (sites of deposition and pathology), clinicopathologic correlation)
2. Acute GN
3. Crescentic GN: classification
4. Goodpasture‘s syndrome
5. IgA nephropathy, hereditary nephritis and thin GBM disease
主題: Disease of kidney (III)
1. Nephrotic syndrome
(1) Minimal change disease: podocyte injury, reversible
(2) Focal segmental sclerosis: podocyte injury → detachment
(3) Membranous nephropathy or GN: adults versus children
(4) Membranoproliferative GN: type I versus type II
2. Systemic diseases: SLE, DM, amyloidosis
主題: Disease of kidney (IV)
1. Acute tubular necrosis
2. Tubulointerstitial nephritis: acute versus chronic
Chinese herb drug nephropathy
3. Pyelonephritis
4. Diseases of blood vessels: benign versus malignant nephrosclerosis
5. Renovascular hypertension
主題: Disease of kidney (V)
1. Thrombotic microangiopathies: hemolytic-uremic syndrome
2. Urinary tract obstruction
3. Tumors of the kidney
主題: Lower urinary tract and male genital system(I)(II)
1. Kidney tumors
2. Lower urinary tract disease
3. Male genital system: testicular tumors
4. Prostate: nodular hyperplasia, carcinoma

(十五)內分泌系統疾病
主題: 腦下垂體疾病的病理變化
1. 腦下垂體腺瘤的形態學分類
2. 腦下垂體腺瘤的功能性分類
3. 腦下垂體機能低下時的病理變化
主題: 甲狀腺疾病的病理變化
1. 甲狀腺機能低下或亢進有關的病理變化
2. 甲狀腺炎的病理分類及特徵
3. 甲狀腺腫瘤的病理分類及特徵
主題: 腎上腺疾病的病理變化
1. Cushing’s syndrome的腎上腺病理變化
2. Primary aldosteronism的腎上腺病理變化
3. Adrenogenital syndrome的腎上腺病理變化
4. 腎上腺髓質腫瘤的病理特徵
主題: 副甲狀腺及胰內分泌系統疾病的病理變化
1. 原發性副甲狀腺機能亢進的病理分類及特徵
2. 糖尿病的功能性分類


Pathology References:
1. Pathology. E. Rubin, J.L. Farber, 3rd edition, Lippincott Raven, 1999.
2. Basic Pathology. Vinay Kumar, Ramzi S Cotran, and Stanley L Robbins, 7th Edition, 2003.
3. 基礎病理學：鄭永銘編譯, 二版, 合記圖書出版社, 92年
4. 簡明護理病理學：孫家棟著，莊壽洺校閱, 八版, 偉華書局有限公司, 91年